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| 1941 May 19 |
| | | The Vietminh is founded as a guerrilla force to liberate Vietnam from the Japanese, and Ho Chi Minh soon emerges as the leader | |
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| 1945 August 19 |
| | | With the surrender of the Japanese, Vietminh guerrillas seize the capital of Vietnam, Hanoi | |
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| 1945 September 2 |
| | | Ho Chi Minh proclaims the democratic republic of Vietnam, independent of the colonial power, France | |
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| 1946 |
| | | The Indochina War breaks out in Vietnam between the French colonial forces and the Vietminh | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Hungarian photographer Robert Capa is killed by a land mine in Vietnam | |
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| 1954 |
| | | The Battle of Dien Bien Phu ends with the surrender to the Vietminh of 12,000 French troops | |
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| 1954 |
| | | The French abandon Vietnam, leaving the country divided at the seventeenth parallel | |
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| 1954 |
| | | In an armistice ending the Indochina War, France acknowledges the independence of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Graham Greene's novel The Quiet American is set in contemporary Vietnam and foresees troubles ahead | |
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| 1955 |
| | | With US backing, South Vietnam declares itself an independent republic | |
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